Improvement in grain-separators



0. K. wbou. GraimSeparator.

Patented March 9, 1875.

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THE GRAPHI C CO.PHOTO.-LITH.39&4! PARK PLAGEJLY.

-2 Sheets -Sheet 2.

0. K. WOOD. I Grain-Separator.

PatentedMarch 9 ,1875.

No.160,56l

minepgepj fnvenior.

UNITED STATES PATENT re.

ORVILLE K. WVOOD, OF WEST GHAZY, NEW YORK.

IMPROVEMENT lN GRAlN-SEPARATORS.

Specification forming part of LetteraPatent No. 1 60,561, dated March 9,1875 application filed September 1, 1873.

.To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ORVILLE KIM'PTON WOOD, of West Chazy, in the countyof Olinton and State of New York, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in a Machine for Cleaning, Separating, and Grading Grains,Seeds, Peas, and Beans; and I do hereby declare that the following is afull, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had tothe accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference markedthereon.

Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section through the center of theseparator. Fig. 2 is a rear-end elevation. Fig. 3 is a front elevationwith the feeder and shoe detached.

Like letters represent like parts in all of the figures.

In the accompanying drawings, J is the feeder. O O is the movable plate,in which are the combined smooth and cog rollers A A, and into whicharemortised the dowels B B, which connect it with the upper plate P P.of the mill. D D is the shoe, containing the screens E E and G G, theblank-board F F, and through which passes the bolt 12, which, inconnection with the guides Q and R, keep the shoe in place and regulateits motion. A A are the combined smooth and cog rollers under rear endof feeder J. E E is the upper szreen in shoe. F F is the blank-board. GG is lower screen in shoe. K is spout, through which is discharged grainpassing over screen in feeder J. L is rod, by which motion is given tofeeder. M is crank, which gives mo tion to both feeder and shoe. N N isscrew, by which feed is regulated. P P is top plate, through which passthe dowels B B. Q Q is guide at front end of shoe. R R is guide at rearend. of shoe. S S is plate under rear end of shoe, and contains thecog-rollers upon which rest the fluted irons under rear end of shoe. T Tis plate under front end of shoe. U U is opening in drum, through whichthe blast enters the shoe D, between the blankboard F F and the screen GG. V V is the rod or bolt, which passes through the sides of the milland through the shoe. W V are the fluted irons under the shoe. X is thefluted iron under the feeder. Y is rod, connecting crank M with elbow,giving motion to shoe.

Z is wind-gate. a is spout, through which screenings are discharged. 1)is cog-roller under shoe.

The object of the first part of my invention is to be able to give tothe feeder J either a smooth or tremulous motion at will, without thenecessity of changing the rollers when a change of motion is required. Iobtain the required result by the use of the rollers A A, which haveeach two grooves, and between the grooves the roller is corrugated orcogged. When the smooth motion is desired the flanges of the flutedirons XX are placed in the front groove of the rollers A A, thuspreventing the cogs on the irons X X from coming in contact with thecorrugated portions of the rollers A A; then, when the feeder J iscaused to move horizontally, by turning the crank of the mill, themotion of the feeder J will be smooth. When a trcmulous motion to feederis required, the flanges of the irons X X are placed in the rear grooveof the rollers A A, when the cogs on the irons X X will be brought incontact with the corrugated portion of the rollers A A, and when motionis given to the feeder J its motion will be tremulous. The change ofmotion on front end of feeder is produced by the use of the roller 0,onehalf of which is smooth, and one-half cogged, the smooth portionbeing put to the front. When the flanges of the irons X X are in thefront groove of the rollers A A the front bar across feeder J rests uponthe smooth portion of the roller 0; and when motion is given to feeder Jthe motion will be smooth, whereas when the flanges of the irons X X areplaced in the rear grooves of the rollers A A the front bar of feederwill rest upon the co'gged portion of roller (3, and when motion isgiven to feeder J the motion of front end of feeder will be tremulous.

The second part of my invention consists in the use of two dowels, B B,for the purpose of elevating the rear end of feeder J, thereby securinga greater or less elevation to the screens or sieves in feeder J, bythat means obtaining a much larger range of work, and a much nearerapproximation to perfection of separation. The upper ends of the dowelsB B are mortised into and made fast to the movable plate 0 0 underfeeder. The upper plate P P of mill has two mortises, into which thedowels B B, respectively, enter, and in which they move freely. Eachdowel is perforated by holes at different distances from the end of thedowel, in which are placed pins, which rest upon the plate P P, thusenabling me to secure any desired elevation, from a horizontal to arear-end elevation of five inches.

The third part of my invention relates to the methods used forcontrolling and guiding the mot-ion of the shoe D D, which consist,first, of the bolt or rod V, passing through the sides of the mill andthrough the shoe D; second, the two bars or plates, one, Q, at the frontend of shoe, and one, B, at the rear end of shoe D, both bars and platesserving to pre- "ent the shoe from getting out of place; third, two barsor plates, the one, S, under the rear end of shoe, and one, T, underfront end of shoe. Each of these bars has two mortises, in which areplaced the cog-rollers b, the upper portion of which projects above thebars 8 and T and comes in contact with the fluted irons W W, which areon bottom sills of shoe D; hence, when the shoe D is moved horizontallyby the action of the crank M, a quick tremulous motion is given to theshoe D, thus preventing the clogging of the screens E E and G G, andcausing the grain to be much more thoroughly sifted and graded than itwould be if the motion of the shoe were smooth.

The fourth part of my invention consists in making the throat or openingU in the drum of the mill so short and narrow that all of the windproduced by the fans shall be condensed into a narrow blast, and ingiving the throat such a position that the thin blast passes whollybetween the blank-board F F and the screen G G, thus producing a fulleven blast upon the grain as it passes from the blank-board F F to thescreen G G.

The operation is as follows: Suppose the grain to be separated to bespring wheat, containing oats, barley, cockle, kale, and other foulseeds. The sieve placed in the feeder is a compound perforated zincsieve, with perforations sufficiently large to admit a kernel of wheatto pass through them. The sieve E E is constructed of spring-temperedwire having an elongated mesh sufficiently wide to permit the smallerberries of wheat, the cockle, and the smaller seeds to pass through it.The screen G G is the same kind of a screen as E E, except that the meshis less, and allows only the much shrunken grains of wheat and smallseeds to pass through it. In this operation we require the smooth motionof feeder and the rear end of feeder raised two and a half inches.Therefore we place the flanges of X X in the front grooves of A A, whenthe front bar of the feeder will rest upon the smooth portion of theroller 0. We raise the rear end of the feeder by means'of the dowels BB. The grain to be separated is put into feeder J, and the feedregulated by the screws N N. By turning the crank of the mill all of theworking parts are put in motion.

The feeder J is caused to move on the rollers A A, and the mixturepasses under the feedgate of feeder J and upon the screen in the feederJ, and the motion being a smooth sliding one, the oats and barley,because of their greater length than the wheat, pass over the screen andare discharged through the spout K, while the wheat and smaller seedspass through the screen in feeder J into the lower hopper of mill, andfrom there upon the screen E E. The shoe D D having a quick tremulousmotion, caused by the fluted irons W W passing over the cog-rollers b b,all save the large and fully developed grains of wheat will pass throughthe screen E E, while the fully developed kernels of wheat, divested ofall foul seeds, will pass over the lower end of screen E E, and will bedeposited in a box placed at front end of mill, and there is thusobtained wheat absolutely clean from foul seeds, and every berry ofwhich is perfect and fully developed, and, being sown, the quality ofwheat raised will be much improved. The small wheat, cockle, and fineseeds which have passed through the screen E E fall upon the blank-boardF F, and are carried by it to the upper end of screen G G, having a meshof suflicient width to carry the second grade of Wheat, but to permitthe shrunken wheat and line seeds to pass through it. The second gradeof wheat passes over the lower end of screen G G, and is deposited in abox placed under the center of mill. The fine seeds and shrunken wheatpass through the screen G G and fall upon the bottom of the shoe D D,which has a hole at its lower end, which com municates with the spout a,out of which the shrunken wheat and screenings are discharged.

In case Iwas desirous of cleaning any other kind of grain or seeds, theoperation would be similar to the above described, except that I wouldsubstitute for the sieves used upon wheat such as were required for thework I was desirous of doing; also makesuch changes in the elevation offeeder J and character of motion as was necessary to do the requiredseparation.

What 1 claim as new, and wish to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. The combined smooth and cog rollers, having two grooves, incombination with the fluted iron X under the feeder J, for the purposeof giving either a smooth or tremulous motion to the rear end of thefeeder without the necessity of changing the rollers, the parts beingconstructed and arranged substantially as described.

2. The rod V and the guides Q R, used to guide and direct the movementof the shoe D, made and constructed substantially as described, and usedfor the purpose set forth.

ORVILLE KIMPTON WOOD.

Witnesses:

L. S. DOMINY, ANDREW F. BRANDT.

